Ghana's Premium Shea Butter Ghana ranks among the leading global producers and exporters of shea butter, annually exporting approximately 38,792 metric tons. It is known for producing some of the finest quality shea butter, which commands premium prices on the international market. The shea value chain in Ghana is well-organized and predominantly women-led, contributing significantly to the country's economy. Nonetheless, in the past two years, and especially in 2024, the shea industry in Ghana has encountered significant challenges, jeopardizing the country's status as a leading producer of shea butter. The substantial rise in prices and the scarcity of shea nuts have exerted considerable pressure on the industry. The 2024 shea season yielded 45% less than projected. Despite the deficit, the government permitted exporters to ship nearly half of the available shea nuts, leaving shea butter producers stranded. Additionally, Ghana's government apathy to restrict the export of the shea nuts, the ban from Burkina Faso, and the inability to compete with foreign buyers have exacerbated the situation. Between 2023 and the first half of 2024, Ghana experienced a 140% increase in the price of a 100kg bag of shea nuts. Consequently, the ex-factory price for a kilo of shea butter surged to over $4.00. This dramatic price hike led many clients to suspend their sales contracts with Ghanaian shea butter producers, forcing numerous artisanal producers out of business by the latter part of 2024. Companies such as Organic Trade and Investments (OTI) were forced to reduce their monthly shea butter production by over 60% of their standard capacity. The revenue loss was significant. Although precise figures are unavailable, it is estimated that Ghana may have experienced a revenue decline of over 40% in shea butter. This downturn has left many women shea butter producers financially at risk and in an unstable economic situation. Ghana is at risk of losing its market share to other shea butter-producing countries like Nigeria, especially if the current challenges persist. Amid the crisis, shea processing organizations petitioned for improved regulation on shea nut exports to address the challenges of shea nut shortages. The government at the time did little to nothing to address the issue. Furthermore, there are initiatives and support programs aimed at improving the situation, such as the Ghana Shea Landscape Emission Reductions Project (GLSERP) and various sustainability efforts. Shea butter producers believe that with the right support and policies, there's hope for recovery and growth in the future. Meanwhile, numerous producers of handcrafted shea butter have paused production until the new shea nut season, anticipating that the 2025 harvest will exceed that of the previous year and that shea butter prices will be adjusted downward to win back their international clients. It's a tough situation, but with the right support and policies, there's hope for recovery and growth in the future.

The European Union Deforestation Regulation (EUDR) for Cocoa The European Union Deforestation Regulation (EUDR) took effect on June 29, 2023, and its provisions were set to be applied from December 30, 2024. The EUDR aims to minimize the impact of deforestation and forest degradation associated with agricultural raw materials imported into the EU. The regulation bans products made from raw materials sourced from deforested areas, encourages the consumption of deforestation-free products, reducing the EU's contribution to global deforestation and forest degradation, and lower greenhouse gas emissions and biodiversity loss. The EUDR covers key agricultural commodities such as cocoa, coffee, palm oil, soy, rubber, cattle, and wood. It's part of the EU's broader strategy to protect and restore the world's forests, as outlined in the European Green Deal and the EU Biodiversity Strategy for 2030. Operators and traders must provide due diligence statements confirming that their products are deforestation-free and comply with the laws of the country of origin. While this regulation by the EU countries seems to be a good initiative to protect world's biodiversity, it will disrupt the market for European cocoa processing companies and benefit countries in other regions, including non-members of the EU. Disruption for European Cocoa Processing Companies Under the new regulation, African cocoa producers and exporters will be required to demonstrate that their products comply with the EUDR. They would require attaching a non-deforestation certificate to their shipments. A non-deforestation certificate must encompass the following details: the producer's information, the precise area of land from which the product was sourced, a definitive statement affirming that the product was produced without causing deforestation, and a reference to the applicable certification standard (e.g., FSC, RSPO). Additionally, it should include the geographical coordinates of the land, dates of verification, and a unique identifier for traceability. The certificate should also be accompanied by relevant maps or satellite imagery to substantiate the land's current forest cover and adherence to no-deforestation criteria. It must be signed and stamped by a recognized independent certification body. This process is notably complex, which may deter many African cocoa processors. According to SGS, obtaining a non-deforestation certificate for cocoa-based products requires a social audit with rigorous criteria, data that even COCOBOD currently lacks. Consequently, it is not feasible to issue such certificates at this time. It may take some time before non-deforestation certificates can be provided to exporters and traders of cocoa products. Nonetheless, African countries that can demonstrate deforestation-free cocoa production will gain access to the European market, which is increasingly demanding sustainable products. The European Union Deforestation Regulation (EUDR) is anticipated to present a greater challenge to European countries rather than offering a benefit, as suppliers in key African cocoa-producing nations are expected to face difficulties in complying with the new standards, resulting in European companies experiencing shortages and increased prices of cocoa products. European companies will need to invest in advanced traceability systems to ensure their cocoa is deforestation-free. This includes mapping supply chains, collecting geolocation data, and maintaining detailed records. Furthermore, European companies will need to collaborate closely with suppliers to ensure compliance, which may involve renegotiating contracts and sourcing from different regions. The need to source deforestation-free cocoa will lead to disruptions and potentially higher prices for European companies. The new regulation is not well received by many stakeholders in the cocoa industry. Indeed, the EUDR opens up new avenues for African suppliers to explore alternative markets with more flexible regulations. Opportunities for African Cocoa Growers and Traders In 2023, Africa exported approximately 2.8 million metric tons of cocoa beans to the EU. Key importers within the European zone included the Netherlands, Belgium, Germany, Spain, France, and Italy. A similar volume of cocoa beans was shipped to European countries in 2024. The European Union Deforestation Regulation (EUDR) is expected to open new avenues for African cocoa suppliers to conduct business with cocoa processing companies in Asia, the Middle East, and non-EU member countries. With the stringent requirements of the EUDR, African cocoa suppliers may find it easier and more profitable to sell their cocoa to processing companies in other regions, where regulations may be more flexible. By expanding their market base beyond Europe, African cocoa suppliers can reduce dependence on a single market and mitigate risks associated with regulatory changes. Engaging with markets that do not require the same level of traceability and compliance as the EU can reduce the operational costs for African suppliers. With African suppliers shifting focus to other regions, European companies will experience tighter supply and increased competition for compliant cocoa.

Cocoa Beans from West Africa In 2024, Ghana produced approximately 650,000 metric tons of cocoa beans, while Côte d'Ivoire produced around 1.8 million metric tons. The global demand for cocoa beans in 2024 was projected to be 4.779 million metric tons. Based on these production figures, there was a significant yield deficit of approximately 2.429 million metric tons. These statistics highlight the cocoa beans market's ongoing challenges, including supply constraints, price volatility, and consistent consumer demand. As we enter the new year, we will continue to analyze the cocoa forecast in relation to global market trends and projections. 2024 Cocoa Outlook The global cocoa beans market experienced several notable trends from January 2024 to December 2024. Key producing countries like Côte d’Ivoire and Ghana faced production declines due to factors such as diseases (e.g., swollen shoot virus), illegal mining, and adverse weather conditions. Weather patterns, including El Niño and La Niña, negatively affected cocoa production, leading to reduced yields. Cocoa prices saw significant fluctuations, with prices nearly tripling over the year. By December 2024, cocoa futures were trading at around $11,441 per ton in London and $11,545 per ton in New York. The surges in prices were driven by production shortfalls and market deficits, leading to higher costs for chocolate manufacturers and consumers. IIn Ghana, the price of cocoa butter experienced a 300% increase, with the cost of a ton rising from $7,000 in the first half of the year to over $20,000 per ton by October 2024. Despite high prices, consumer demand for cocoa-based products remained relatively stable, driven by the popularity of chocolate and premium confectionery products. Towards the end of the year, there were signs that demand might be starting to decline, potentially leading to market equilibrium if production does not improve. Unwrapping the Cocoa Forecast for 2025 Given the current market conditions and projections, and while there might be some fluctuations, the overall trend suggests that cocoa bean prices will remain high throughout 2025. Several factors contribute to this forecast: Supply Constraints : Major cocoa-producing countries, including Ghana and Côte d'Ivoire, are grappling with a multitude of challenges that have significantly affected their cocoa output. These challenges include adverse weather conditions, such as prolonged droughts and excessive rainfall, which can lead to poor crop yields and increased vulnerability to pests and diseases. Additionally, the prevalence of crop diseases, like black pod disease and swollen shoot virus, has further exacerbated the situation, decimating cocoa plants and reducing the overall production capacity. Furthermore, the persisting illegal mining activities in these regions have led to deforestation and soil degradation, detrimentally impacting the land's fertility and the sustainability of cocoa farming. As a result, the available supply of cocoa has diminished, creating a ripple effect throughout the global chocolate industry, where sourcing high-quality cocoa is becoming increasingly difficult. Regulatory Changes : The European Union Deforestation Regulation (EUDR), set to take effect in early 2025, introduces a new layer of complexity to the cocoa supply chain. This regulation aims to combat deforestation linked to agricultural products by imposing stricter requirements on the importation of cocoa and other commodities. Under the EUDR, importers will be required to provide detailed documentation proving that their cocoa has not contributed to deforestation in the producing countries. This means that cocoa producers will need to adopt more sustainable farming practices and enhance traceability throughout their supply chains. As a consequence, these regulatory changes are likely to further limit the supply of cocoa available in the market, as producers may struggle to meet the new compliance standards, leading to potential disruptions in the flow of cocoa to European markets. Global Demand : Despite the challenges faced in cocoa production, the global demand for chocolate continues to show robust growth. Consumers around the world are increasingly seeking high-quality chocolate products, driven by a desire for indulgence, premium experiences, and unique flavors. This persistent demand, combined with the constrained supply due to the aforementioned factors, is expected to keep cocoa prices elevated. As producers and manufacturers navigate these market dynamics, they may pass on the increased costs to consumers, resulting in higher prices for chocolate products. The imbalance between supply and demand is likely to create a volatile market environment, where prices fluctuate based on the availability of cocoa and the ongoing trends in consumer preferences. There is a substantial price disparity of approximately 45% between cocoa products processed in Ivory Coast and those processed in Ghana, despite the lower cost of cocoa beans in Ghana compared to neighboring countries. This price difference can be attributed, in part, to the limited access Ghanaian cocoa processing companies have to cocoa beans. Additionally, the smuggling of cocoa beans from Ghana remains a significant challenge for the cocoa industry. However, it appears to be the only means for cocoa farmers to secure some profit by selling their produce to neighboring countries. Unless strategic legislation is enacted to support the welfare of Ghana's cocoa farmers, smuggling activities will persist, leading to economic losses.

Our recent market research and analysis indicate that several agricultural products are set to dominate the cosmetics industry in the coming year, driven by a growing preference for organic beauty products. In the first segment of this topic, we highlighted the prominence of aloe vera, turmeric, and essential oils in the production of organic cosmetic products. In this second and final segment, focused on the "dominating products in the market to watch out for", we will explore the carrier oils—coconut oil, avocado oil, jojoba oil, baobab oil, and argan oil. We will examine their evolution, health benefits, and the significant roles they play in the global cosmetics industry. Rich in vitamins, fatty acids, and antioxidants, carrier oils, also referred to as base oils or vegetable oils, are integral to the formulation of various cosmetic products, such as lotions, creams, and serums, due to their beneficial properties for the skin. They are essential for diluting highly concentrated essential oils, which can cause skin irritation if applied directly. Coconut Oil Coconut oil has experienced significant growth and evolution in the cosmetic industry, driven by its numerous benefits and the increasing consumer demand for natural products. Its natural antimicrobial properties make it an excellent moisturizer, which has led to its widespread use in skincare products such as lotions and creams. Due to its hydrating properties, coconut oil is also utilized in various cosmetic products, including makeup primers, highlighters, and lip glosses, and is effective in treating skin infections and preventing acne. Additionally, coconut oil is extensively used in hair care products for its ability to nourish and strengthen hair, reduce protein loss, and promote healthy hair growth. The global coconut oil market has been expanding steadily. In 2023, the market size was valued at approximately USD 5.9 billion and is projected to reach USD 9.1 billion by 2030, growing at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 6.3%. This growth is largely attributed to the rising popularity of natural and organic products in the cosmetics and personal care sectors. Avocado Oil The market trend has positioned avocado oil as a key component in many skincare and haircare formulations. Rich in monounsaturated fats and vitamin E, avocado oil deeply moisturizes the skin, making it ideal for dry and sensitive skin types. The antioxidants in avocado oil help combat free radicals, reducing signs of aging such as wrinkles and fine lines. Its high oleic acid content promotes skin cell regeneration and healing, making it beneficial for treating wounds and sunburns. It is also frequently used in shampoos, conditioners, and hair masks to strengthen and moisturize hair, reducing breakage and promoting healthy growth. The global avocado oil market has seen significant growth in recent years. In 2022, the market size was valued at approximately USD 593.62 million and is projected to grow at a CAGR of 5.4% from 2023 to 2032, potentially reaching USD 1 billion by 2032. This growth is driven by the increasing demand for natural and organic products, particularly in the cosmetics and personal care industry. Jojoba Oil Rich in vitamins E and B, jojoba oil helps protect the skin from oxidative stress. Its anti-inflammatory properties soothe irritated skin and reduce redness. With natural antibacterial properties, jojoba oil can prevent bacterial infections on the skin and does not clog pores, making it suitable for acne-prone skin. It closely resembles the skin’s natural sebum, making it an excellent moisturizer for all skin types. Jojoba oil is commonly found in moisturizers, serums, and cleansers, and is also used in shampoos, conditioners, body oils, and lotions to nourish hair and improve skin elasticity and hydration. Its high stability and resistance to oxidation make it a preferred ingredient for extending the shelf life of cosmetic formulations. In 2022, the jojoba oil market was valued at approximately USD 130.8 million and is projected to expand at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 7.7% from 2023 to 2030. This growth is driven by the increasing demand for natural and organic ingredients in cosmetics and personal care products. Baobab Oil The rising popularity of natural and organic cosmetics is expected to continue driving the demand for baobab oil in the cosmetic industry. In 2023, the market was valued at approximately USD 2.36 billion and is projected to grow to USD 6.208 billion by 2032, with a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 11.12%. This growth is fueled by the increasing demand for organic and natural cosmetic products. Baobab oil is highly valued in the cosmetic industry for its numerous benefits. Its anti-inflammatory properties help soothe irritated skin and promote healing. It is commonly found in moisturizers, serums, and anti-aging creams due to its hydrating and rejuvenating properties. Shampoos, conditioners, and hair oils often include baobab oil to enhance hair health and shine. Additionally, it is used in body lotions and oils for its moisturizing and skin-soothing benefits. Argan Oil Argan oil is renowned for its numerous benefits, particularly in the cosmetic industry. The global market for argan oil is rapidly growing, making it one of the most sought-after carrier oils in the industry. According to Grand View Research, the market size was estimated at approximately USD 299.45 million in 2022 and is expected to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 11.4% from 2023 to 2030, while OTI R&R Department report suggests that the market size reached USD 340.9 million in 2023 and is projected to reach USD 734.9 million by 2032, with a CAGR of 8.6% during the forecast period. Argan oil is widely used in various cosmetic products due to its beneficial properties. It is incorporated into lotions, creams, and serums for its moisturizing and anti-aging effects. Rich in fatty acids and vitamin E, argan oil deeply hydrates and nourishes the skin. Its antioxidant properties help reduce the appearance of wrinkles and fine lines. Additionally, argan oil strengthens hair, reduces breakage, and adds shine. It is also used in beard oils, aftershaves, and other grooming products. The growing consumer preference for natural ingredients and the multifunctional benefits of carrier oils are driving their demand in the cosmetic industry. As consumers increasingly seek natural and organic products that offer both efficacy and sustainability, the demand for these ingredients is expected to rise in the coming years.

Ginger, derived from the rhizome of a flowering plant native to Southeast Asia, is a versatile root that enhances the flavor of both sweet and savory dishes. Beyond its culinary uses, ginger offers a range of health benefits. Traditionally, it has been employed to address various conditions, including arthritis, colds, migraines, and high blood pressure. The key bioactive compound in ginger is gingerol, which possesses potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Gingerol helps reduce oxidative stress, making ginger a valuable addition to overall health. Additionally, ginger is known for its effectiveness in relieving nausea, including pregnancy-related morning sickness and chemotherapy-induced nausea. Recent studies even suggest that ginger supplementation may aid weight loss by influencing mechanisms such as inflammation reduction. However, it’s essential to explore the facts about ginger to dispel any misconceptions and myths, Ginger is indeed a versatile root with health benefits. But what are the myths surrounding this plant? Let’s explore some common myths about ginger: Myth 1: Ginger Is Only for Cooking Fact: While ginger is indeed a staple in savory dishes, its versatility extends far beyond the culinary realm. Consider these additional uses for ginger: Beverages: Ginger adds a delightful kick to various drinks. Infuse it into teas, smoothies, or homemade ginger ale for a zesty flavor profile. Its natural warmth and spiciness make it an excellent choice for both hot and cold beverages. Desserts: Don’t limit ginger to savory courses. Incorporate it into desserts like gingerbread cookies, cakes, and puddings. Its aromatic notes elevate sweet treats, providing a unique twist. Refreshing Summer Beverage: Create a revitalizing summer drink by combining freshly grated ginger with lemon or lime juice, water, sugar, and ice. This concoction offers a refreshing escape from the heat and showcases ginger’s versatility. Remember that while ginger enhances flavor, pregnant individuals should consult a doctor before consuming large amounts, as it may have specific implications during pregnancy. Enjoy this remarkable spice in various ways and explore its rich history and health benefits. Myth 2: Ginger Is a High-Glycemic Food Fact: Despite common misconceptions, ginger root is not a high-glycemic food. In fact, it falls into the category of low-glycemic index (GI) foods. Here are the key points: Glycemic Index (GI) of Ginger : The GI of ginger is remarkably low, with a value of 15. This classification places it in the low-GI range, indicating that it has minimal impact on blood sugar levels when consumed 1 . Glycemic Load (GL) : Additionally, the glycemic load (GL) of ginger is also low, with a value of 0.6. A low GL further emphasizes that ginger won’t cause rapid spikes in blood sugar . Suitable for Diabetics : Given its low GI and GL, ginger is a favorable choice for individuals managing blood sugar levels, including those with diabetes. Incorporate this versatile spice into your culinary repertoire, knowing that it not only adds flavor but also supports overall health without disrupting blood glucose balance. Myth 3: Ginger Boosts Metabolism Dramatically Fact: Although ginger does offer certain metabolic advantages, it does not possess magical transformative powers for your metabolism. Here are the key points: Metabolic Benefits : Ginger has been associated with mild metabolic effects, such as enhancing thermogenesis (the process of heat production in the body) and potentially aiding in weight management. Balanced Approach : While ginger is a valuable addition to a balanced diet, it is essential to recognize that it alone cannot revolutionize your metabolic rate. Sustainable weight management requires a holistic approach that includes proper nutrition, physical activity, and lifestyle choices. No Miracle Cure : Consider ginger as a supportive ally rather than a miracle worker. Incorporate it into your meals for its flavor and potential health benefits but maintain realistic expectations regarding its impact on metabolism. Achieving optimal health involves a comprehensive strategy, and ginger can play a role within that framework. Myth 4: Ginger Is an Aphrodisiac Fact : Historically, ginger has been associated with aphrodisiac properties, but there’s no scientific evidence to support this claim. Ginger is a popular spice with various health benefits, but it is not an aphrodisiac. Here are a few reasons why: Lack of Scientific Evidence : While ginger has been used traditionally for its medicinal properties, there is no robust scientific evidence linking it to increased sexual desire or arousal. Mechanism of Action : Aphrodisiacs typically work by affecting hormones, neurotransmitters, or blood flow. Ginger primarily supports digestion, reduces inflammation, and provides antioxidants, but it doesn’t directly impact sexual function. Cultural Beliefs : Some cultures associate ginger with warmth and vitality, leading to misconceptions about its aphrodisiac properties. However, these beliefs are often based on folklore rather than scientific research. Individual Variation : People’s responses to foods and spices vary. While some may experience heightened sensations after consuming ginger, it’s not a consistent effect across the population. Individual experiences can differ, and what works as an aphrodisiac for one person may not have the same effect on another. If you’re looking for specific aphrodisiacs, consider other options backed by more substantial evidence. Myth 5: Ginger Steals Souls Fact : The myth that ginger steals souls is purely folklore and lacks any scientific basis. Let’s debunk it: Origins of the Myth : The idea that redheads (often associated with ginger hair) have no soul or steal souls dates back centuries. During the witch hunts from the 1400s to the 1700s, red-haired women were sometimes accused of being witches. They were searched for “the mark of the devil,” which could be anything from a birthmark to an odd freckle. Since redheads often have freckles, they were unfairly targeted as soul-stealers . Scientific Reality : Souls are not tangible entities that can be stolen or possessed. The concept of a soul is deeply rooted in religious and philosophical beliefs, but it is not something that can be physically taken away by consuming ginger or any other substance. Ginger’s Health Benefits : Ginger is a remarkable spice with anti-inflammatory properties. It has been used in traditional medicine for centuries. However, there is no evidence to suggest that consuming ginger affects the soul or spiritual essence of a person. Instead, ginger primarily supports digestion, reduces inflammation, and provides antioxidants. It’s a valuable addition to a healthy diet, but it won’t impact your soul in any way. Ginger is soul-safe. Enjoy it in your meals without worrying about any supernatural consequences . All you need to know is that ginger is undisputably a Versatile Spice with Historical Significance known for its distinctive flavor and aromatic properties. As you embark on your culinary explorations, consider the myriad uses of ginger in various dishes and beverages. However, it’s essential to exercise caution, especially for pregnant women. Before consuming large quantities of ginger, it is advisable to consult a medical professional to ensure safety and address any potential concerns.

Newborns' skin is exceptionally delicate and requires special care to maintain its health. Bathe your baby a few times a week using lukewarm water and mild, fragrance-free soap. Gently pat the skin dry with a soft towel. Immediately after bathing, apply a gentle, fragrance-free moisturizer to lock in moisture. For newborns with very dry or cracking skin, natural creams such as unrefined shea butter are highly recommended. Unrefined shea butter is an excellent natural moisturizer for your baby's sensitive skin.   The following step-by-step guide will demonstrate how to effectively apply our unrefined shea butter to your baby's skin. 1. Choose High-Quality Shea Butter : Opt for organic, raw, and unrefined shea butter. Look for products labeled “raw shea butter” or “unrefined organic shea butter.” Ensure that the shea butter contains no additives, fragrances, or preservatives. 2. Warm the Shea Butter : Take a small amount of OTI unrefined shea butter (about a pea-sized portion) and rub it between your palms to warm it up. This makes it easier to spread. 3. Apply to Problem Areas : Focus on areas prone to dryness or irritation, such as cheeks, elbows, knees, and diaper area. Massage the shea butter into your baby’s skin using gentle, circular motions. 4. Be Mindful of Sensitivity : Babies have sensitive skin, so use a light touch. Avoid applying shea butter to broken or irritated skin. 5. Frequency : Apply shea butter after bath time or whenever your baby’s skin feels dry. Use it as needed throughout the day. 6. Observe and Adjust : Monitor your baby’s skin for any adverse reactions. If you notice redness or irritation, discontinue use and consult a pediatrician. You may also use OTI natural Shea Oil in addition to the shea butter or alternatively if you are facing challenges with the butter. By following these tips, you can help ensure your newborn’s skin remains healthy and protected from skin irritation. For centuries, West Africans have utilized unrefined shea butter to shield their skin from the sun and maintain its health, long before the advent of Western-formulated body creams. In 2020, a notable shift in consumer behavior emerged, with a growing preference for chemical-free, organic cosmetic products. Consequently, shea butter has become a highly sought-after ingredient for moisturizers. Remember, a little goes a long way with shea butter. Enjoy the natural benefits of this nourishing ingredient for your baby’s soft and healthy skin.

Based on current trends and market analysis from Organic Trade and Investments (OTI)'s Research and Development Department, several agricultural products are poised to dominate the cosmetics industry in the coming year. Aloe Vera, turmeric, essential oils (lavender, tea tree, eucalyptus), and carrier oils (baobab, jojoba, avocado, argan, coconut) are highly sought-after ingredients for body creams, lotions, soaps, and shampoos. This surge in demand is driven by the increasing preference for organic beauty products, a trend that gained momentum in 2020 during the COVID-19 pandemic, which significantly altered consumer behavior and preferences. This two-part article will explore the market evolution and health benefits of aloe vera, turmeric, and essential oils. In the second segment, to be published later this year, we will delve into how these carrier oils are increasingly dominating the cosmetics industry. Aloe Vera Aloe vera remains a cornerstone in skincare products, renowned for its soothing, hydrating, and healing properties. According to Expert Market Research, the global aloe vera market reached approximately USD 768.93 million in 2023 and is projected to grow at a CAGR of 8.5% between 2024 and 2032, reaching around USD 1,602.76 million by 20321. Another report indicates the market size was USD 2.39 billion in 2022 and is expected to reach USD 4.39 billion by 2030, growing at a CAGR of 7.9%. It is extensively incorporated into moisturizers, sunscreens, and after-sun care products. The rising consumer preference for natural and organic products significantly propels market growth. Aloe vera’s therapeutic benefits extend its use across the food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries. Additionally, there is a notable shift towards sustainable and organic farming practices in aloe vera cultivation. Innovations in processing and product development are broadening its applications. However, it is important to note that some individuals may experience adverse effects, such as skin irritation, from aloe vera use. Turmeric Turmeric, derived from the root of Curcuma longa , has been a staple in traditional medicine and skincare for centuries. Its entry into the cosmetic industry was propelled by its recognized anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Scientific research has since validated these benefits, leading to its widespread adoption in modern skincare products. Turmeric’s versatility and proven efficacy make it a valuable ingredient in the cosmetic industry, meeting the growing consumer demand for natural and effective skincare solutions. The rising preference for natural and organic cosmetic products is a key driver for the turmeric market. Valued at USD 4,982.1 million in 2023, the global turmeric market, including its application in cosmetics, is projected to grow at a CAGR of 5.9% from 2024 to 2030. Consumers increasingly seek natural and organic ingredients in their cosmetic products. Turmeric, celebrated for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, is a popular choice. It protects the skin from free radicals, which can cause premature aging. Widely incorporated into face masks, creams, and serums, turmeric addresses acne and hyperpigmentation. Known for its ability to brighten the skin and reduce dark spots, ensuring high curcumin content, purity, and the absence of contaminants is crucial for maintaining the quality of turmeric used in cosmetics. Essential Oils Essential oils, such as lavender, tea tree, and eucalyptus, are extensively utilized for their therapeutic properties. These oils are integral components in aromatherapy products, as well as in skincare and haircare formulations, driven by the increasing demand for eco-friendly and sustainable products. Initially confined to niche markets, essential oils have now become mainstream, propelled by a growing consumer preference for natural and organic ingredients. Their applications have expanded from traditional medicine and aromatherapy to include cosmetics, personal care, and even food and beverages. The cosmetic industry continues to embrace essential oils due to their natural benefits and versatility, aligning with consumer trends towards healthier and more sustainable lifestyles. Essential oils like tea tree, lavender, and eucalyptus are renowned for their antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and soothing properties, making them popular in aromatherapy for stress reduction, mood improvement, and sleep enhancement. Additionally, oils such as peppermint and rosemary are known to promote hair growth and scalp health. The global essential oils market was valued at USD 11.41 billion in 2023 and is projected to reach USD 27.82 billion by 2032, with a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 10.55%. Europe held the largest market share of 43.65% in 2023. lavender oil is derived from the lavender plant (Lavandula angustifolia) and is known for its soothing fragrance. It has been used for centuries in aromatherapy, cosmetics, and medicine due to its versatile properties. Lavender oil is a versatile and beneficial essential oil that can be easily incorporated into daily routines for various health benefits. Usage: Aromatherapy : Add a few drops to a diffuser to enjoy its calming scent. Topical Application : Dilute with a carrier oil and apply to the skin for pain relief or skincare. Bath : Add a few drops to bath water for a relaxing soak. Massage : Use in massage oils to relieve muscle tension and stress. tea tree oil , derived from the leaves of the Melaleuca alternifolia tree native to Australia, is renowned for its powerful antiseptic properties and has been utilized in traditional medicine for centuries. This essential oil is highly effective against bacteria, viruses, and fungi, making it a preferred choice for treating various infections. Its anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effects are beneficial in managing skin conditions such as acne, eczema, and psoriasis. Additionally, tea tree oil promotes the healing of minor cuts and scrapes due to its antiseptic nature. Tea tree oil is also advantageous for hair and scalp health, aiding in the treatment of dandruff and promoting a healthy scalp. Inhalation of its vapors can help alleviate symptoms of respiratory conditions like coughs and colds. Furthermore, its antibacterial properties are effective in controlling underarm odor. Tea tree oil can repel insects and soothe insect bites, and it serves as a natural disinfectant for cleaning surfaces. Usage : Topical Application : Dilute with a carrier oil and apply to the skin for treating infections or skin conditions. Aromatherapy : Add a few drops to a diffuser to help with respiratory issues. Hair Care : Mix with shampoo to treat dandruff and promote scalp health. Cleaning : Use in homemade cleaning solutions for its disinfectant properties. Extracted from the leaves of the eucalyptus tree predominantly found in Australia, eucalyptus  essential oil is obtained through a process of drying, crushing, and distillation. This essential oil is widely recognized for its medicinal properties and is commonly used in cough medications to alleviate coughing by loosening mucus, facilitating easier expulsion. In addition to its respiratory benefits, eucalyptus oil is an effective insect repellent, particularly against mosquitoes. Its anti-inflammatory properties make it valuable for treating minor wounds and preventing infections. As a medicinal plant, eucalyptus oil is utilized in topical analgesics to relieve joint and muscle pain. It also aids in managing conditions such as asthma and sinusitis by reducing mucus production. Furthermore, there is potential for eucalyptus oil to help lower blood sugar levels, although further research is required to confirm this benefit. Usage : Aromatherapy : Add a few drops to a diffuser to help clear nasal passages and improve respiratory health. Topical Application : Dilute with a carrier oil and apply to the skin for pain relief or to treat minor wounds. Inhalation : Add a few drops to hot water and inhale the steam to relieve chest congestion. Household Cleaner : Mix with water and vinegar for a natural disinfectant. These organic ingredients in the cosmetic industry globally are poised for significant growth in the coming years, driven by the increasing consumer preference for natural and effective skincare solutions. It is exciting to know that Organic Trade and Investments (OTI) is at the forefront of supplying these innovative products.

Ginger ( Zingiber officinale ), scientifically classified, is an herbaceous perennial plant within the Zingiberaceae family. It originates from southeastern Asia dating back over 3,000 years but also thrives in other global regions, including West Africa. Ginger root, an underground rhizome, typically exhibits a light brown or beige hue. Throughout history, ginger has been widely utilized for both culinary and medicinal purposes in Asian and African cultures. Today, we delve into the distinctions between Ghanaian-grown ginger and Chinese-cultivated ginger. Origin : China’s Role in Ginger Cultivation China plays a pivotal role in ginger cultivation, significantly contributing to the global supply. With approximately 30,000 hectares dedicated to ginger farming, China stands as a major producer. The primary growing region for ginger within China is the Shandong province, accounting for approximately 66% of the total cultivation area and about 75% or China's total ginger production . While export quantities may fluctuate annually, China consistently serves as a significant exporter of ginger to international markets. In 2021 alone, China produced approximately 638,000 tons of ginger . Ghana’s Ginger Production In Ghana, ginger cultivation is versatile, as it can thrive in various regions. However, the forested areas in the Ashanti, Volta, Central, Bono, and Eastern regions are particularly well-suited for ginger farming. Ghana boasts a rich history of producing ginger rhizomes for local markets. Ginger grows well in well-drained loamy soils. The cultivation process typically spans ten to twelve months. Ginger cultivation in Ghana involves several stages, including planning, pre-planting, planting, agronomic practices, harvesting, and packing. Notably, the Atwima Nwabiagya South Municipality in the Ashanti Region, particularly the Gyankobaa community, recognized as the largest ginger production hub, estimates an annual yield of 260,000 metric tons with over 3,000 acres (1,200 hectares)  of cultivated land. Approximately 1,500 individuals  engage in ginger cultivation on an average two-acre plot each . While export quantities may vary, ginger remains a valuable agricultural commodity in Ghana, with diverse marketing channels, including fresh sales at open foodstuff markets, bulk transactions with alcoholic beverage companies, and processing into powder or juice. Appearance and Size : Chinese ginger, while sharing traits with the common variety found in stores, possesses unique characteristics. This slender perennial reaches heights of 2-4 feet and features grass-like leaves and greenish-yellow flowers. Chinese ginger rhizomes tend to be larger, smoother, and lighter in color compared to other varieties. These thick underground stems measure approximately 8 inches in length. Although sizes can vary, Chinese ginger rhizomes are typically smaller than some other types but larger than those found in Ghana, with individual rhizomes ranging up to 6 inches. Ghanaian ginger also bears resemblance to the common type but has its own distinctive qualities. The rhizomes of Ghanaian ginger are usually smaller than many varieties, extending a few inches to about 3-5 inches long. This perennial plant resembles reeds, growing up to 1 meter (3 to 4 feet) tall, and produces pale yellow flowers with purple buds directly from the rhizome on separate shoots. Its annual stems are leafy with narrow blades. Flavor, Taste, and Usage : Ginger grown in China offers a distinctive flavor profile that is simultaneously zesty, pungently spicy, and slightly sweet . Its taste is characterized by a peppery and citrusy kick, making it versatile in both savory and sweet dishes . Ginger cultivated in China are used in culinary from gingerbread to cookies to elevates sweet treats and in Asian stir-fries or added in broths and soups to enhance the flavor or infuse a zesty kick. Ginger is a staple Chinese herb used for seasoning. It is commonly featured in Asian dishes, curries, and stir-fries, including stir-fried dishes, soups, and sauces. Some delightful Chinese treats made with ginger include ginger tea (Saenggangcha), Chinese candies, and homestyle ginger chicken. Conversely, Ghana's ginger tends to be robust, spicy, and aromatic. Known for its vibrant yellow color and mild flavor, Ghana’s yellow ginger is a staple in West African cuisine. It features prominently in dishes such as soups, stews, drinks, and pastries. One popular Ghanaian ginger creation is Emudro, a robust ginger drink that stands out from the ordinary. Lime juice is added to enhance the flavor, providing a zesty twist. Another delightful treat that showcases ginger is Kelewele—a Ghanaian snack made from ripe plantains marinated in a blend of spices, including ginger, pepper, and cloves. When deep-fried to perfection, Kelewele offers a mouthwatering combination of sweet and spicy flavors. Nutritional Content and Health Benefits Both types contain essential nutrients like vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants. Both ginger from Ghana and China offer potential anti-inflammatory and digestive benefits. While Ghana ginger is known to have local traditional uses specific to West African culture, China ginger helps balance qi and body fluids, promoting overall health. Specific nutritional however varies for each type of ginger. Nutritional Composition of Ginger from China (per tablespoon) : Kilocalories: 4.8 kcal Water: 4.8 g Carbohydrates: 1.1 g Fiber: 0.12 g Sugar: 0.1 g Protein: 0.1 g Sodium: 0.78 mg Total lipids (fat): 0.05 g Potassium: 24.9 mg Magnesium: 2.58 mg Phosphorus: 2.04 mg Choline: 1.7 mg Calcium: 0.96 mg Vitamin C: 0.28 mg Folate: 0.66 mcg Nutritional Composition of Ginger from Ghana (per 100 grams) : Kilocalories: Approximately 80 kcal Carbohydrates: 17.8 g Dietary Fiber: 2 g Protein: 1.8 g Fat: 0.8 g Vitamins and Minerals: Vitamin C: 5 mg Vitamin B6: 0.16 mg Iron: 0.6 mg Magnesium: 43 mg Potassium: 415 mg Selenium: 0.7 mcg Manganese: 0.23 mg Phosphorus: 34 mg In general, ginger has valuable health benefits. It contains bioactive compounds like gingerol, which have anti-inflammatory effects and may help reduce inflammation and alleviate symptoms of conditions like osteoarthritis. Ginger promotes digestion, relieves nausea, and reduces motion sickness, making it commonly used to ease stomach discomfort. Some studies suggest that ginger may also help lower blood sugar levels, benefiting individuals with diabetes. Additionally, the vitamin C content in ginger supports immune function, while its antioxidants protect cells from oxidative damage. Research indicates that ginger may even inhibit cancer cell growth. Although Ghanaian and Chinese ginger share similarities, their distinct flavors and culinary uses set them apart. Consider your taste preferences and regional cuisine when choosing between the two. Additionally, consult with a healthcare professional before using ginger supplements, especially if you’re pregnant, breastfeeding, or taking medications.

Bitter Kola, also referred to as bitter cola, is a plant native to Central and Western Africa. For centuries, it has been highly regarded for its medicinal properties. While traditional African medicine utilizes all parts of the Bitter Kola plant, the seeds are most commonly consumed. These seeds have a sharp, bitter taste that gradually gives way to a subtle sweetness as you chew them. The History of Bitter Kola Bitter kola’s rich history intertwines with West African culture, trade, and well-being, making it a cherished and enduring tradition. Bitter kola has been a significant commodity in West African trade for centuries, predating the inspiration for modern cola drinks. The variety Cola nitida was highly prized for its distinct taste, mouth-cleansing properties, and alleged medicinal benefits. It was chewed during naming ceremonies, weddings, and other occasions, symbolizing both luxury and hospitality. The chestnut-sized nuts of C. nitida were mildly addictive, providing bursts of energy. Wealthy individuals demonstrated their affluence by offering bitter kola to guests. Other kola varieties, while less prestigious, had similar physiological effects. Despite its vulnerability to pests and the need for careful preservation, bitter kola found a ready market across West Africa. It was traded between the forest and savanna regions, bridging the north-south divide. Its popularity extended hundreds of kilometers beyond its production zone. Historically, bitter kola cultivation was localized, passed down through generations within specific communities. However, rising demand led to its expansion beyond traditional boundaries, making it a vital part of West African agriculture. The Uses of Bitter Kola in Africa Despite its pharmaceutical potential and high preference by West and Central African communities, bitter kola is still at the beginning of its domestication process. Research and efforts are needed to further understand its diversity, genetics, and silvicultural management. The seeds of bitter kola are commonly eaten to prevent or cure gastric disorders . They also have a typical astringent taste. The seeds contain bioactive components, which serve as alternative medicine to treat or prevent severe illnesses such as malaria, hepatitis, and immune-destructive diseases . African folk healers use bitter kola for its purgative, antiparasitic, and antimicrobial properties . It is used to address liver disorders, bronchitis, throat infections, colic, head or chest colds, and coughs. Bitter kola has an important cultural significance. Bitter kola is chewed as a nervous system stimulant in many West African countries. It is commonly found in markets, bus depots, and corner shops. It is often presented ceremonially to chiefs or guests. Historically, kola nuts (including bitter kola) were planted on graves as part of various rituals. Health Benefits Infections : In most African countries, bitter kola has been used to combat infections, including the common cold and hepatitis for many years. A 2018 study demonstrated its effectiveness against coughs, bacterial, and viral infections. Inflammation : Chewing bitter kola seeds may help reduce inflammation, particularly in conditions like arthritis. The high potassium content contributes to this effect. Diabetes : Early studies suggest that a compound called kolaviron found in bitter kola is susceptible to help protect against hypoglycemia in people with type 2 diabetes. Bitter Kola's Nutrients per Serving: While the FDA considers bitter kola safe for consumption, specific nutritional data is limited. Nonetheless, a 2013 study revealed that bitter kola is rich in carbohydrates, fat, protein, vitamin C, calcium, potassium, iron, and even caffeine. Bitter Kola's Preparation: Bitter kola can be eaten raw, similar to other nuts. Keep in mind that its name reflects its taste-bitter. If you’re not fond of the flavor but want to incorporate bitter kola into your diet, consider trying drinks flavored with it, available at African markets and online stores.

Over time, we have frequently received inquiries from international customers regarding the safety of unrefined shea butter for newborns and its potential benefits for their delicate skin. The answer to this question is a resounding “yes!” Shea butter, derived from the shea nut of the karité tree in western and central Africa, has been used locally for centuries as a natural moisturizer and treatment for various skin conditions. Here are some key points about unrefined shea butter and its suitability for babies: Natural Moisturizer : Shea butter is a natural moisturizer and contains essential fatty acids and vitamins (such as A and E). For newborns with dry skin, i t helps soothe and hydrate dry skin, promoting that famous "baby softness" . Eczema Relief : Research suggests that shea butter may alleviate eczema symptoms, including skin irritation, itchiness, and flakiness.  In one case study, it outperformed Vaseline in reducing eczema symptoms. An oatmeal-based product containing shea butter improved eczema symptoms after one month of use . If your baby has eczema-prone skin, applying a small amount of shea butter during flare-ups could be helpful . Safe and Chemical-Free : Unlike many store-bought baby lotions, pure unrefined shea butter doesn’t contain added chemicals, sulfates, parabens, or preservatives. Unrefined shea butter is well-tolerated even by babies with sensitive skin. When purchasing shea butter for your little one, opt for organic, raw varieties. Look for terms like “raw shea butter,” “organic shea butter,” or “unrefined organic shea butter” on the label. Ensure that the product contains 100% shea butter without any additives or fragrances. Unrefined shea butter is a safe and beneficial choice for newborns, providing natural moisture and potential relief for skin conditions. Remember that it’s normal to see bits of shea nut in unrefined shea butter, so there’s no cause for alarm.

Ghana is a country with a rich agricultural heritage. For centuries, its people have cultivated a variety of crops that are adapted to its diverse climates and soils. Some of these crops are native to Africa and have been domesticated by ancient civilizations. Others are introduced from other regions and have been acclimatized by local farmers. However, many of these crops have been neglected or forgotten over time, due to various factors such as colonialism, modernization, globalization, and climate change. These crops are often referred to as “lost” or “underutilized” crops, because they have not received much attention or support from research, development, or markets. Nonetheless, there is a growing interest and awareness in rediscovering and promoting these lost ancient crops, both locally and globally. These crops have many advantages and benefits that make them valuable for food security, nutrition, health, income generation, and environmental sustainability. These ancient crops are often: resilient to pests, diseases, droughts, and floods. nutritious and rich in vitamins, minerals, antioxidants, and phytochemicals. versatile and can be used for various purposes such as food, feed, fuel, fiber, medicine, and cosmetics,; and culturally and historically significant and can enhance the diversity and identity of Ghanaian cuisine. In this edition of the lost crops from Ghana, we look into two main crops: African rice and Fonio. African rice (Oryza Glaberrima) is one of the two domesticated rice species, along with Asian rice (Oryza sativa) that is native to Africa and has been cultivated in West Africa for at least 1,500 years. It was first grown in West Africa around 3,000 years ago. Unlike the standard rice (Oryza sativa), which is native to Asia, African rice is more resilient to pests, diseases, droughts, and floods, has higher protein and fiber content, has lower glycemic index, has more antioxidants and phytochemicals, and has a nuttier flavor and a firmer texture. Known for its distinct nutty flavor , generally, African rice has small grains that are pear-shaped and have a red bran and an olive-to-black seedcoat, straight panicles that are simply branched, and short, rounded ligules. It is a nutritious, gluten-free, and fast-growing cereal that can grow in dry and poor soils. It has a rich cultural and historical significance in Ghana, where it is used for various ceremonies and rituals. The rice area stretches between Ho and Nkwanta and is grown mainly in the mountainous areas of Volta Region, between the Volta Lake and the Togolese border. According to a market brief by MoFA-IFPRI, rice production in Ghana reached 963,000 tons in 2019 (equivalent to 665,000 tons of milled rice). Since 2020 and with more Africans turning to their origins, African rice can easily be found on shelves of supermarket and fiercely competing with perfumed rice imported from Asia. Ghana's Africa rice is considered a sacred grain by some ethnic groups. African rice has been listed as a priority crop for West Africa by the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), due to its nutritional and environmental properties, as well as its potential to diversify one’s diet. Fonio , also known as the hungry rice, is another type of millet that is native to West Africa and has been cultivated for thousands of years. Often sold as whole grains, flour or flakes, Fonio has the smallest grains (about 1-1.5 mm in diameter) and are usually white but can also be black or brown depending on the variety. Fonio grains have a pear-shaped or oval shape and a smooth or wrinkled surface. The grains look similar to sand or couscous when cooked. Fonio is a nutritious, gluten-free, and fast-growing cereal that can grow in dry and poor soils. It has a nutty flavor and a couscous-like texture. It can be used to make porridge, breads, cakes, pancakes, cookies, pasta, salads, soups, stews, or snacks. The volume of fonio Ghana cultivates per year is not very clear and remains relatively small. This superfood grain is considered a staple food by many communities and its production is currently limited to some districts in the northern region, such as Yendi, Saboba, Chereponi, Zabzugu, and Tatale-Sanguli and mostly processed by the women in the community. The crop is mainly popular among the Dagomba, Anufo, Bassare, Kabre, and Konkomba peoples. Fonio faces several challenges on the global market, and some of these challenges are: Low production and productivity: Fonio yields are low compared to other cereals, due to factors such as lack of improved seeds, pests and diseases, poor agronomic practices and climate change. Fonio production is also seasonal and dependent on rainfall patterns. According to a research brief by Mbosso et al. (2018)1, the average yield of fonio in Cameroon was 0.8 tons per hectare in 2016, compared to 2.5 tons per hectare for maize and 3.5 tons per hectare for rice. High post-harvest losses: Fonio grains are very small and difficult to process. They require intensive manual labour to remove the husk, sand and impurities. Traditional processing methods are time-consuming, inefficient and unhygienic. The same research brief1 reported that post-harvest losses of fonio ranged from 20% to 40% in Cameroon, due to inadequate processing equipment, drying facilities and storage conditions. Low market demand and awareness: Fonio is not well known outside of West Africa and has a limited market share compared to other cereals. Fonio is mainly consumed locally or exported to niche markets such as ethnic shops, health food stores and restaurants. Fonio lacks standardisation, certification and branding that could enhance its quality and value on the global market. Fonio also faces competition from cheaper and more available cereals such as rice, wheat and maize. Despite the many setbacks, Fonio has been gaining popularity outside Africa, especially among health-conscious consumers who are looking for gluten-free and nutrient-dense alternatives to other grains. As it is the case of other lost crops, African rice and fonio are ancient grains that have been cultivated in West Africa for thousands of years. These crops are important for the reintegration of African food systems because they offer several advantages in terms of health, economic, and environmental aspects. - Esthy Ama Asante, CEO and Health of Business Development at Organic Trade and Investments (OTI). Indeed, we identified some of these advantages, which included: Health : African rice and fonio are nutritious and gluten-free grains that provide essential amino acids, minerals, vitamins, and fiber. They have a low glycemic index and can help prevent diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular diseases. They also have a distinct flavor and texture that can diversify diets and culinary traditions. Economic : African rice and fonio can create income opportunities for smallholder farmers, especially women and youth, who are involved in their production and processing. They can also reduce dependence on imported cereals and enhance food security and sovereignty. They have a potential to access niche markets such as health food stores, restaurants, and ethnic shops. Environmental : African rice and fonio are resilient crops that can grow in dry and poor soils without irrigation or fertilizers. They are fast-maturing and can be harvested before other grains, reducing the risk of crop failure. They also contribute to soil fertility and biodiversity by providing organic matter and hosting beneficial microorganisms.

The long-awaited Fonio Webinar by International e-commerce and agribusiness company Organic Trade and Investments (OTI) has been held. The 4-hour event was held on Wednesday, December 15, 2021, with participants joining from around the world. Dubbed "Rediscovering a superfood from Africa", the event was aimed at sensitizing the public on the history, health benefits, recipes and uses of Fonio grain and flour in daily diets. The educative event was attended by a couple dozen people. The host of the webinar was Angela Akua Asante (Triple-A), award-winning sports journalist and bilingual (French/English) emcee, voice-over artist, media communications/PR specialist, and multimedia producer. The webinar started off with culinary expert and Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of Back To Eden Foods, Cate Abraham sharing the various foods fonio grains and flour can be incorporated in. According to her, organic gluten-free fonio flour can be used as a thickener in soups and stews. The grains can also be used in salads. In her presentation, Virtual Assistant at OTI, Christabel Kukua Baidoo told a story about the history of the miracle grain and how it is gaining ground in recent times. She noted that as more people became conscious of their health and food choices, fonio has gained more popularity. "There is a need to preach the fonio gospel to encourage the new generation of West African farmers to start growing the 'miracle grain' on a larger scale to make it accessible and affordable," she said. The audience was shown a series of recipe videos that directed them on how to make sumptuous meals with organic gluten-free fonio from OTI. International Medical practitioner, Dr. Gaelle Yossa in presenting the health benefits of Fonio noted that its vitamin content plays various roles in preventing cardiovascular diseases and other illnesses. She said: "It is good for people who are lactose intolerant. Fonio reduces the risk of obesity and helps deal with hypertension. It is also a powerful anti-oxidant." Speaking on the need for pregnant women to eat Fonio, Nutritionist, Akosua Konadu Yiadom noted that the grain was rich in the needed iron. Akosua explained that the protein content of both types (Black and White) produces calories for pregnant women and nursing mothers. "Rice is popular than fonio but it is good that there are platforms like this that put fonio out there," she said. "It is blessed with folic. If you are eating fonio, you are enjoying the natural folic in there. There is a reason we recommend folic to pregnant women," she added. The certified nutritionist mentioned that fonio has a low glycemic index (GI) is a value used to measure how much specific foods increase blood sugar levels. This reduces the chances of developing diabetes. In her closing remarks, Managing Director, Esther Ama Asante was full of praise for the speaker, participants and team members who made the event possible. "As the world is changing, we also need to change our mindset and be the leaders for others to follow," she said. "Food is culture and we all have to be proud of our culture," she added. Background This is the first-ever Fonio-centered educational event to be organised by anyone in the agribusiness industry in Ghana proving the company’s dedication to increasing the consumption of African-sourced products. What is Fonio? Fonio: /ˈfəʊnjəʊ/, is a cereal grown in some Western African countries. It is an indigenous crop with two cultivated species: white fonio (Digitaria exilis), whose roots can be traced to Senegal to Chad and black fonio (Digitaria iborua) which is grown mainly grown in Nigeria as well as the northern regions of Togo and Benin. Although this crop which is one of the oldest African cereals is described as a ‘miracle grain’, it has lost its fame due to various reasons- colonialism and westernization, being on top of the list.